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| Merchant of beef, f. 60r. |
Colloquial name(s): Libro de componere herbe et fructi
Official name(s): Bibliothèque nationale de France, Italien 1108
Date: c. 1470 (source), 1471 (source, Mandragore)
Origin: Lodi region, Italy, by Giovanni Cadamosto of Lodi's workshop (source), N. Italy (source, Mandragore)
Online facsimile available via: Bibliothèque nationale de France Mandragore digital library (enter 'Italien 1108' into the 'Cote' box and select 'Chercher' then select 'Images') and via Bibliothèque nationale de France Gallica digital library
This manuscript is one of several that are derivatives of the Tacuinum sanitatis, a medieval healthy living guide which is a Latin translation of an 11th Century Arab medical treatise, Taqwīm as-sihha bi al-Ashab al-Sitta, written by the Christian physician and philosopher Ibn Butlan of Baghdad (d. 1063) (source). The Taqwīm synthesised a variety of Greek-derived medical science and traditions and considered approximately 280 health-related items including food, drink, climate, bodily activities and clothing (source). The translation into Latin was commissioned by the Court of Naples and Sicily and completed by 1266 (source). This Latin version was copied repeatedly and circulated around Europe, with the first illustrated copies being commissioned in the late 14th Century by northern Italian nobility (source).
Derivative copies merged abbreviated versions of the Tacuinum sanitatis (usually the entries regarding food) with medical encyclopaedias and/or Theoprastus' Historia Plantarum, an early botanical handbook that included the medical uses of plants. This manuscript consists of a medical encyclopaedia followed by some Tacuinum sanitatis entries.
Origin: Lodi region, Italy, by Giovanni Cadamosto of Lodi's workshop (source), N. Italy (source, Mandragore)
Online facsimile available via: Bibliothèque nationale de France Mandragore digital library (enter 'Italien 1108' into the 'Cote' box and select 'Chercher' then select 'Images') and via Bibliothèque nationale de France Gallica digital library
This manuscript is one of several that are derivatives of the Tacuinum sanitatis, a medieval healthy living guide which is a Latin translation of an 11th Century Arab medical treatise, Taqwīm as-sihha bi al-Ashab al-Sitta, written by the Christian physician and philosopher Ibn Butlan of Baghdad (d. 1063) (source). The Taqwīm synthesised a variety of Greek-derived medical science and traditions and considered approximately 280 health-related items including food, drink, climate, bodily activities and clothing (source). The translation into Latin was commissioned by the Court of Naples and Sicily and completed by 1266 (source). This Latin version was copied repeatedly and circulated around Europe, with the first illustrated copies being commissioned in the late 14th Century by northern Italian nobility (source).
Derivative copies merged abbreviated versions of the Tacuinum sanitatis (usually the entries regarding food) with medical encyclopaedias and/or Theoprastus' Historia Plantarum, an early botanical handbook that included the medical uses of plants. This manuscript consists of a medical encyclopaedia followed by some Tacuinum sanitatis entries.
The known extant illustrated copies of the Tacuinum sanitatis and its derivative manuscripts are as follows (source and source):
- BNF Nouvelle acquisition latine 1673; 1390-1400 or 1380-90, Pavia or Milan, Lombardy region, N. Italy.
- Bibliothèque de l'Université de Liège, Ms. 1041; 1380-1400, Veneto region, Italy.
- ÖNB, Cod. Ser. N. 2644 Han; 1390-1400, Lombardy region, Italy.
- Biblioteca Casanatense, Ms. 4182; 1390-1400, Lombardy region, Italy.
- Biblioteca Casanatense, Ms 459; c. 1400, Milan(?), Lombardy region, Italy.
- Biblioteca del hospital Real, Universidad de Granada, Ms C67 [BHN/Caja A-001]; 1440-1445, Italy.
- BNF, Latin 9333; 1445-1451, Rhineland, Germany.
- Bibliothèque municipale, Rouen, Ms. 3054 [formerly Leber 1088] and other half in a private collection in Liechtenstein; 1450s.
- New York Public Library, Spencer Collection ms. 65; 1460 or c. 1470, Lodi region or Ferrara(?), Italy.
- this copy - BNF, Italien 1108; 1470-1475, Lodi region, Italy.
- ÖNB, Cod. 5264 Han [formerly Med. 2]; 1470-1475, Lodi region, Italy.
- Bibliothèque Internationale de Gastronomie, Lugano, Ms. 15; 1470-1475, Lodi region, Italy.
- ÖNB, Ms. 2396 [formerly Eug. Q. 59]; 1476-1500, Venice, Italy.
Descriptions of the images in this manuscript are provided by Mandragore.
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